This proposed dissertation aims to investigate the reasons behind the limited benefits observed in soil carbon sequestration and water conservation from regenerative agricultural practices. Focusing on California’s Central Valley, the research will analyze the impact of these practices on soil structure, hydraulic functions, and carbon mineralization. It will also explore water management strategies to optimize agricultural productivity, carbon sequestration, and water conservation. Additionally, the study will examine how long-term implementation of regenerative practices has affected soil health metrics related to water conservation and carbon stabilization. The research aims to develop effective management practices for achieving sustainable agriculture goals.