Effective water resource management through smart irrigation and groundwater recharge are tools for addressing climate change and resource efficiencies in agriculture. Data applications necessitate deploying numerous sensor nodes in the field to collect sensory data for making informed water usage decisions, optimizing water use in smart irrigation. A dependable and energy-efficient data transmission system is vital for supporting these applications. We plan to develop an algorithm to determine the optimal number and location of gateways in orchards, ensuring reliable data collection with minimal gateway construction costs. Additionally, we will create a network model to establish the relationship between configurable parameters and the network’s reliability and energy efficiency. Using this relationship, we will propose an algorithm to optimize sensor node parameters, enabling smart irrigation and groundwater recharging in orchards.